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A survey of Top-level ontologies - Appendix D

Candidate source top-level ontologies – longlist. This appendix is intended to give a feel for the range of different approaches to top-level ontologies, including those that make little or no ontological commitment. We provide a brief overview (usually a self-description) and a picture of their top structure, where available. We also include comments on key ontological characteristics. A selection of relevant extracts is included as to give more insight into the characteristics. You can use the Filters above to sort by the categories, types and characteristics used in the assessment of the Top-level Ontologies.

48 ontologies

  1. BabelNet

    BabelNet 2011 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BabelNet
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 691 views

  2. Basic Formal Ontology

    BFO 2002 http://basic-formal-ontology.org/
    By Peter El Hajj,
    • 0 comments
    • 547 views

  3. Bunge-Wand-Webber Ontology

    BWW 1988 n/a
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 369 views

  4. Business Objects Reference Ontology

    BORO late 1980s https://www.borosolutions.net/
    By Peter El Hajj,
    • 0 comments
    • 612 views

  5. CIDOC object-oriented Conceptual Reference Model

    CIDOC 1999 http://www.cidoc-crm.org/
    By Peter El Hajj,
    • 0 comments
    • 143 views

  6. Common Information Model

    CIM 1999 https://www.dmtf.org/standards/cim
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 251 views

  7. COmmon Semantic MOdel

    COSMO not known - pre-2006 http://www.micra.com/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 152 views

  8. Conceptual Modelling Language and Cultural Heritage Abstract Reference Model

    ConML + CHARM 2011 http://www.conml.org/
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 97 views

  9. Cyc

    Cyc 1984 https://www.cyc.com/the-cyc-platform
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 607 views

  10. Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering

    DOLCE 2002 http://www.loa.istc.cnr.it/dolce/overview.html
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 920 views

  11. Financial Industry Business Ontology

    FIBO 2010 https://spec.edmcouncil.org/fibo/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 317 views

  12. FrameNet

    FrameNet 2000 (?) https://framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu/fndrupal/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 231 views

  13. Framework of Information System Concepts

    FRISCO 1988 n/a
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 140 views

  14. Friend Of A Friend

    FOAF 2000 http://www.foaf-project.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOAF_(ontology), http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 256 views

  15. General Formal Ontology

    GFO 2006 https://www.onto-med.de/ontologies/gfo
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 153 views

  16. General Ontology

    GO 1995 n/a
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 301 views

  17. gist

    gist 2007 https://www.semanticarts.com/gist/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 557 views

  18. Good Relations

    GR 2007 https://www.w3.org/wiki/GoodRelations https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GoodRelations
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 174 views

  19. High Quality Data Models

    HQDM 2011 http://www.informationjunction.co.uk/hqdm_framework/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 551 views

  20. Higher-Order Entity Relationship Model

    HERM 1992 http://cs-exhibitions.uni-klu.ac.at/index.php?id=451
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 113 views

  21. IEC 62541 - OPC Unified Architecture

    IEC 62541 2006 https://opcfoundation.org/developer-tools/specifications-unified-architecture
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 490 views

  22. Industrial automation systems and integration—Integration of life-cycle data for process plants including oil and gas production facilities

    ISO 15926-2 2003 https://www.iso.org/standard/70694.html
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 181 views

  23. International Defence Enterprise Architecture Specification

    IDEAS 2006 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDEAS_Group
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 169 views

  24. ISO 12006-3:2007 - Building construction — Organization of information about construction works — Part 3: Framework for object-oriented information

    ISO 12006-3 2007 https://www.iso.org/standard/38706.html
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 293 views

  25. KBpedia Knowledge Ontology (KKO)

    KKO not known https://kbpedia.org/docs/kko-upper-structure/
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 145 views

  26. KR Ontology

    KR Ontology 1999 http://www.jfsowa.com/ontology/toplevel.htm
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 178 views

  27. Marine Top Level Ontology

    MarineTLO 2013 (?) https://projects.ics.forth.gr/isl/MarineTLO/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 106 views

  28. MIMOSA CCOM (Machinery Information Management Open Systems Alliance - Common Conceptual Object Model)

    MIMOSA CCOM Not Known https://www.mimosa.org/mimosa-ccom/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 215 views

  29. Object-Centered High-level Reference

    OCHRE 2003
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 156 views

  30. Ontology

    Wikidata 2016 https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Ontology https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Ontology/Top-level_ontology_list
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 209 views

  31. OWL-2

    OWL-2 2004 https://www.w3.org/OWL/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 139 views

  32. PROTo ONtology

    PROTON 2005 (?) https://ontotext.com/documents/proton/Proton-Ver3.0B.pdf
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 229 views

  33. Schema.org

    Schema.org 2011 https://schema.org/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 171 views

  34. Semantically Interlinked Online Communities

    SIOC 2004 http://sioc-project.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantically-Interlinked_Online_Communities https://www.w3.org/wiki/SIOC
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 151 views

  35. Simple Knowledge Organization System

    SKOS 2009 https://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 224 views

  36. Smart manufacturing - Reference architecture model industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0)

    IEC 63088 2017 https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/30082
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 202 views

  37. SmartSUMO

    SmartSUMO 2007 http://www.smartweb-project.org/ https://aifb.kit.edu/index.php/SmartWeb/en
    By RachelJudson,
    • 0 comments
    • 261 views

  38. Suggested Upper Merged Ontology

    SUMO 2000 http://www.adampease.org/OP/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 209 views

  39. The Dublin Core ontology

    DC 1995 http://dublincore.org/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 510 views

  40. The European Materials Modelling Ontology (EMMO)

    EMMO 2019 (?) https://github.com/emmo-repo/EMMO
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 357 views

  41. The SENSUS ontology

    SENSUS 2001 https://www.isi.edu/natural-language/projects/ONTOLOGIES.html
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 421 views

  42. The Topic Maps Reference Model

    TMRM Late 1990s https://www.isotopicmaps.org/tmrm/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 275 views

  43. UMLS

    UMLS 1986 https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/index.html
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 146 views

  44. Unified Foundational Ontology

    UFO 2005 https://nemo.inf.ufes.br/en/projetos/ufo/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 101 views

  45. Unified Modeling Language (UML)

    UML 1994 http://uml.org/
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 216 views

  46. Upper Mapping and Binding Exchange Layer

    UMBEL 2008 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMBEL
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 146 views

  47. WordNet

    WordNet 1985 https://wordnet.princeton.edu
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 234 views

  48. Yet Another More Advanced Top Ontology

    YAMATO 1999 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_ontology#YAMATO_(Yet_Another_More_Advanced_Top_Ontology)
    By H123,
    • 0 comments
    • 133 views

  • A survey of Top-level ontologies - Appendix D Filters

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